Frequency of Occurrence of Tooth-Jaw Disorders in Children

Abstract

Relevance of research. According to the Jaxon Health Organization (WHO), 50% of the population suffers from tooth-jaw disorders (TJA). In studies carried out at the US National Institute of Dentistry, 40% of the population has anomalies in the development of teeth and various disorders of the formation of Jaws, in which in 15% of cases surgery is required to eliminate them. The presence of the development of TJA is reflected in the patient's appearance and, consequently, in the perception of it by those around him, which in turn leads to a deterioration in the quality of life, a violation of the psyche and the formation of the personality character, the process of chewing food and swallowing it does not become full. Also, the presence of TJA in a child is considered one of the reasons for the development of caries, periodontic diseases and changes in the chakka-lower jaws. Subsequently, the child experiences speech disorders, which at a young age makes it difficult for the child to enter into communication and negatively affects the body's cognitive reactions. The frequency of tja occurrence increases as the age grows and is accompanied by deformities of the jaw-facial skeleton. Epidemiological studies by both domestic and foreign authors indicate the variabelicity of this pathology, and amount to 250-750 cases per 1000 population, while every second patient needs orthodontic assistance [1.3.5.7.9.11]. According to their data, the prevalence of tooth-jaw disorders in children and adolescents in RF industrial cities was from 25.0% to 75.0% gacha. Significant deviations of tja prevalence in different regions of the RF are observed from 25.0% to 52.0%, especially the highest rates observed in northern Russia.