Human Microbiome in Health and Disease

Abstract

The microbiome consists of a diverse groups of microorganisms, which including bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi, algae, and viruses (In spite of the fact that viruses are usually included, but their classification still debatable due to their acellular nature and absence the autonomous life processes). When integrated into a host, (typically an eukaryote, the system is called as a holobiont the disturbances in the microbial homeostasis that termed as dysbiosis are engaged with the emergence and progression of various diseases. Accordingly, the investigation of microbiomes has gained considerable attention in many fields like molecular biology, human health, clinical medicine, along with environmental science, due to their intense impact on host's physiology and disease predisposition As results of their metabolic and molecular activities, they deem as an integral part of the host body, and contributed to the developmental, immunological, and metabolic alterations over the lifespan. It is worth noting, the human microbiome remaining in continual flux, affected by a wide range of specific factors of host like as diets, age, genetic, underlying disease, as well as the environmental exposures. However, shifting in the composition of the human (dysbiosis) microbiota may cause a life alarming disease. This overview seeks to illuminate the intricacies of the microbiome Because of its importance to human health.