Modern Approaches to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Arterial Hypertension: A Literature Review

Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most prevalent chronic cardiovascular diseases and a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. This literature review summarizes current knowledge on the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of AH. Special attention is given to recent guidelines from international cardiology societies and advances in pharmacotherapy. The review highlights gaps in current knowledge, identifies emerging research directions, and emphasizes the importance of early detection, patient education, and comprehensive management strategies.