Some Aspects of the Action of Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers in the Treatment of Arterial Hypertension

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is a complex and multifactorial process. The pathophysiological factors involved in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension include activation of the sympathetic nervous system, changes in the activity of adrenergic receptors, overproduction of hormones that regulate sodium metabolism and vasoconstrictors, activation of vascular growth factors, structural and functional disorders in the vascular network, inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, blood clot formation. Despite many works dedicated to the research of the causes and mechanisms of the development of hypertension, its pathogenesis has not been completely determined, and the issue of choosing an effective treatment remains an actual problem. Hypertension is characterized by impaired sensitivity of the β-adrenergic system which causes the use of β-adrenergic blockers to treat hypertension. In the presented review the mechanisms of action of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers during treatment of hypertension and their effects are discussed.