Effect of Phagocytic Activity on the Body's Immune System and Ways of its Correction

Abstract

This article discusses the importance of the phagocytic activity of phagocytes (neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages) in the body's immune defense, as well as their role in the pathogenesis of acute bronchitis. The main idea of the authors is that the effective functioning of phagocytes is critical for a rapid response to infection and the prevention of complications such as chronic infections and autoimmune diseases. The article begins by defining the functions of phagocytes, which include fighting pathogenic microorganisms, presenting antigens to activate adaptive immunity, and secreting cytokines that coordinate the immune response. Next, the specific roles of phagocytes in acute bronchitis are discussed, where their activity directly affects the course of the disease and its possible consequences.

It describes how phagocytes, particularly neutrophils, migrate to the site of infection and begin active phagocytosis, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to inflammation. However, insufficient phagocytic activity, caused by systemic factors (e.g., smoking, diabetes) or local factors (viral infections), can lead to the development of prolonged bronchitis and complications such as pneumonia. The article provides data on methods for studying immune status and phagocytic activity, confirming the importance of immunomodulators, such as sodium nucleinate, for improving phagocyte function, which may be particularly useful in chronic infections and during recovery from severe illnesses. Key ideas in the article also include the need for comprehensive treatment of acute bronchitis, which should include antiviral and immunoactive drugs. The authors emphasize that this approach can improve the condition of patients with a congestive form of the disease and help in overcoming diseases caused by viral agents. Thus, the article highlights the importance of understanding the role of phagocytic activity in the pathogenesis and treatment of acute bronchitis, as well as the need for a comprehensive approach to therapy aimed at restoring and stimulating the immune system.