The Role of Biomarkers in Detecting Cervical Cancer in Women of Climacteric Age

Recent scientific studies confirm a strong correlation between cervical cancer and high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) strains, particularly HPV types 16, 18, 31, and 33, which are detected in 99.7% of cervical cancer cases. A clinical study involving 104 climacteric women (aged 50–75) assessed the relationship between HPV genotypes and levels of the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen. The findings revealed varying SCC marker levels depending on HPV genotype and cytological findings. While SCC antigen levels were elevated in most cancer cases and HSIL, its low sensitivity limits its use for early screening. Estrogen testing, on the other hand, showed higher diagnostic value, especially in postmenopausal women with ambiguous cytological results.