Association Between Placental (Pro) Renin Receptors and Small for Gestational Age in Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome of new onset hypertension and proteinuria in 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide and is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Aim to explore the relationship between placental (pro)renin receptor to assess its predictive and concentration and small-for-gestational age rates in women who developed preeclampsia. Cross-sectional observational study at Basrah Maternity Hospital during December 2024-July 2025. A total of eighty pairs of pre-eclamptic pregnant women with their newborns admitted to the labor ward with singleton term pregnancies. Those who participated were divided into two groups based on neonatal birth weight for gestational age: preeclampsia with SGA (n = 40) and preeclampsia with AGA (n = 40). Placental (P)RR concentration was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment. Placental (pro)renin receptor levels were significantly increased in the SGA group compared to appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) group, and there was a statistically significant inverse correlation with neonate birth weight and a direct correlation with maternal systolic blood pressure. The placental (pro) renin receptor was predictive at the cut-off of 81.5ng/ml. The 78% sensitivity and 50% specificity, and an area under the curve of 0.69, were obtained with small-for-gestational age births. In preeclamptic pregnancies, (pro)renin receptor concentration in the placenta is negatively correlated with fetal birth weight and maternal SBP. It has a moderate predictive value for small for gestational age newborns.