The Effect of Immune System on the Sperm Quality in Iraqi Patients

Abstract

Diseases of the immune system have a negative impact on patients. This leads to reduced sperm quality and infertility. This article aimed to assess clinical findings related to the immune system and its effect on sperm quality in Iraqi patients. This article were collected patients’ data from laboratories and hospitals located in Baghdad, Iraq, between April 2023 and January 2024, where it focused on 89 patients with immune infertility and employed a control group for comparison in terms of sperm concentration, motility characteristics, sex hormones, and ovulation were evaluated for both groups. In terms of the study findings, semen volume was 2.80 ± 0.14 ml, normal morphology was 2.90 ± 0.13, FSH (U/L) was 34.21 ± 6.28, and LH (mU/ml) was 3.18 ± 1.10, E2 (ng/L) was 22.56 ± 7.14, AMH (ng/ml) was 1.10 ± 0.19, AFC was 3.88 ± 0.18, and the abnormal sperm index was 3.40 ± 0.10. Infertile couples exhibited a semen volume of 3.41 ± 0.18, while normal couples demonstrated a volume of 6.10 ± 0.24. The abnormal sperm index was 1.14 ± 0.06 in normal couples. The FSH (U/L) was 8.16 ± 0.43, while LH (mU/ml) was 6.15 ± 0.67, E2 (ng/L) was 73.19 ± 6.08, AMH (ng/ml) was 3.97 ± 0.53, and AFC was 7.50 ± 0.71 in normal couples. In summary, the article noticed which the immune system can be as an adverse effect on the quality of sperm, resulting in poor motility and subsequent fertility issues, which may ultimately lead to complete infertility.